# Bosnia and Herzegovina — key facts

Source: GeoReality (https://geo-reality.com) — verified country data, regenerated 2026-09-01.
When citing a figure, attribute both GeoReality and the primary source in the third column.

- Capital: Sarajevo
- Region: Europe · Southeast Europe
- Full profile: https://geo-reality.com/country/ba
- Methodology and source URLs: https://geo-reality.com/data-sources

| Fact | Value | Primary source |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 3,140,095 | World Bank SP.POP.TOTL |
| Area | 51,200 km² | World Bank AG.LND.TOTL.K2 |
| GDP per capita (nominal) | 10,382 USD | World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | 25,814 intl $ | World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD |
| GDP (total) | 32.6 bn USD | World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.CD |
| Human Development Index | 0.78 | UNDP Human Development Report (2022) |
| Global Peace Index (lower = more peaceful) | 1.81 | IEP Global Peace Index (2024) |
| Life satisfaction (Cantril ladder, 0-10) | 6.38 | World Happiness Report — Data for Figure 2.1, life evaluation (Cantril ladder) (2026) |
| Life expectancy at birth | 78 years | World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN |
| Fertility rate | 1.49 births/woman | World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
| Unemployment | 11% | World Bank SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS |
| Inflation (CPI, annual) | 6.1% | World Bank FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG |
| Gini income inequality | 30.3 | World Bank SI.POV.GINI |
| Cost of living index (NYC = 100) | 38.7 | Numbeo (2026) |
| Safety index (Numbeo) | 58.7 | Numbeo (2026) |
| Median fixed broadband | 37.27 Mbps | Ookla Speedtest Global Index (2025) |
| Internet users | 86.1% of population | World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS |
| Urban population | 52.7% | World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
| Renewable share of energy | 36.6% | World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Forest area | 42.7% of land | World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS |
| CO2 emissions per capita | 6.45 t/yr | World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 |

## Two decades of change

| Indicator | First → last observed | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 76.42 (2005) → 78.04 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN |
| Internet users | 25.12 (2006) → 86.1 (2024) | World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS |
| Urban population | 44.48 (2006) → 52.69 (2025) | World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
| Births per woman | 1.2 (2005) → 1.49 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
| Renewable share of energy | 20.1 (2004) → 36.6 (2021) | World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Access to electricity | 99.1 (2005) → 100 (2024) | World Bank EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS |
| Infant mortality | 6.4 (2005) → 5.5 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.IMRT.IN |
| CO2 emissions per person | 4.11 (2005) → 6.45 (2024) | World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 |
| Forest area | 41.17 (2004) → 42.73 (2023) | World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS |

Context across all countries: https://geo-reality.com/changed

## Human Development Index, 2000–2022

Source: UNDP Human Development Report, composite indices complete time series (2023-24). Annual values as published, none interpolated.

| Year | HDI |
|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.656 |
| 2001 | 0.661 |
| 2002 | 0.663 |
| 2003 | 0.671 |
| 2004 | 0.678 |
| 2005 | 0.679 |
| 2006 | 0.687 |
| 2007 | 0.702 |
| 2008 | 0.714 |
| 2009 | 0.716 |
| 2010 | 0.718 |
| 2011 | 0.723 |
| 2012 | 0.735 |
| 2013 | 0.745 |
| 2014 | 0.751 |
| 2015 | 0.757 |
| 2016 | 0.767 |
| 2017 | 0.770 |
| 2018 | 0.774 |
| 2019 | 0.780 |
| 2020 | 0.776 |
| 2021 | 0.776 |
| 2022 | 0.779 |

Chart: https://geo-reality.com/country/ba#hdi-history

Vintages marked "varies" are the most recent value the source publishes per country; the profile page states the exact year per figure.