# Ethiopia — key facts

Source: GeoReality (https://geo-reality.com) — verified country data, regenerated 2026-09-01.
When citing a figure, attribute both GeoReality and the primary source in the third column.

- Capital: Addis Ababa
- Region: Africa · Eastern Africa
- Full profile: https://geo-reality.com/country/et
- Methodology and source URLs: https://geo-reality.com/data-sources

| Fact | Value | Primary source |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 135,472,051 | World Bank SP.POP.TOTL |
| Area | 1,128,499 km² | World Bank AG.LND.TOTL.K2 |
| GDP per capita (nominal) | 933 USD | World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | 3,622 intl $ | World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD |
| GDP (total) | 126.4 bn USD | World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.CD |
| Human Development Index | 0.49 | UNDP Human Development Report (2022) |
| Global Peace Index (lower = more peaceful) | 2.65 | IEP Global Peace Index (2024) |
| Life satisfaction (Cantril ladder, 0-10) | 3.99 | World Happiness Report — Data for Figure 2.1, life evaluation (Cantril ladder) (2026) |
| Life expectancy at birth | 67.6 years | World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN |
| Fertility rate | 3.91 births/woman | World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
| Unemployment | 3.3% | World Bank SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS |
| Inflation (CPI, annual) | 13.2% | World Bank FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG |
| Gini income inequality | 31.1 | World Bank SI.POV.GINI |
| Cost of living index (NYC = 100) | 41.8 | Numbeo (2026) |
| Safety index (Numbeo) | 49.6 | Numbeo (2026) |
| Median fixed broadband | 11.45 Mbps | Ookla Speedtest Global Index (2025) |
| Internet users | 21.9% of population | World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS |
| Urban population | 24.1% | World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
| Renewable share of energy | 90.6% | World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Forest area | 14.9% of land | World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS |
| CO2 emissions per capita | 0.15 t/yr | World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 |
| Corporate tax rate | 30% | Wikipedia — List of countries by tax rates (corporate column, headline statutory rate) (2024) |
| Top personal income tax | 35% | Wikipedia — List of countries by tax rates (Individual income / Highest column) (2024) |

## Two decades of change

| Indicator | First → last observed | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 54.36 (2005) → 67.6 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN |
| Internet users | 0.31 (2006) → 21.94 (2024) | World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS |
| Urban population | 16.21 (2006) → 24.11 (2025) | World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
| Births per woman | 6.19 (2005) → 3.91 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
| Renewable share of energy | 94.1 (2004) → 90.6 (2021) | World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Access to electricity | 14 (2005) → 56.6 (2024) | World Bank EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS |
| Infant mortality | 74.4 (2005) → 34.5 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.IMRT.IN |
| CO2 emissions per person | 0.07 (2005) → 0.15 (2024) | World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 |
| Forest area | 16.16 (2004) → 14.93 (2023) | World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS |

Context across all countries: https://geo-reality.com/changed

## Human Development Index, 2000–2022

Source: UNDP Human Development Report, composite indices complete time series (2023-24). Annual values as published, none interpolated.

| Year | HDI |
|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.286 |
| 2001 | 0.299 |
| 2002 | 0.305 |
| 2003 | 0.310 |
| 2004 | 0.323 |
| 2005 | 0.343 |
| 2006 | 0.359 |
| 2007 | 0.376 |
| 2008 | 0.391 |
| 2009 | 0.399 |
| 2010 | 0.409 |
| 2011 | 0.419 |
| 2012 | 0.426 |
| 2013 | 0.437 |
| 2014 | 0.445 |
| 2015 | 0.455 |
| 2016 | 0.465 |
| 2017 | 0.472 |
| 2018 | 0.479 |
| 2019 | 0.485 |
| 2020 | 0.489 |
| 2021 | 0.489 |
| 2022 | 0.492 |

Chart: https://geo-reality.com/country/et#hdi-history

Vintages marked "varies" are the most recent value the source publishes per country; the profile page states the exact year per figure.