# Ghana — key facts

Source: GeoReality (https://geo-reality.com) — verified country data, regenerated 2026-09-01.
When citing a figure, attribute both GeoReality and the primary source in the third column.

- Capital: Accra
- Region: Africa · Western Africa
- Full profile: https://geo-reality.com/country/gh
- Methodology and source URLs: https://geo-reality.com/data-sources

| Fact | Value | Primary source |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 35,064,272 | World Bank SP.POP.TOTL |
| Area | 227,533 km² | World Bank AG.LND.TOTL.K2 |
| GDP per capita (nominal) | 3,257 USD | World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | 8,610 intl $ | World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD |
| GDP (total) | 114.2 bn USD | World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.CD |
| Human Development Index | 0.6 | UNDP Human Development Report (2022) |
| Global Peace Index (lower = more peaceful) | 1.94 | IEP Global Peace Index (2024) |
| Life satisfaction (Cantril ladder, 0-10) | 4.55 | World Happiness Report — Data for Figure 2.1, life evaluation (Cantril ladder) (2026) |
| Life expectancy at birth | 65.7 years | World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN |
| Fertility rate | 3.34 births/woman | World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
| Unemployment | 3% | World Bank SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS |
| Inflation (CPI, annual) | 14.2% | World Bank FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG |
| Cost of living index (NYC = 100) | 33.9 | Numbeo (2026) |
| Safety index (Numbeo) | 59.8 | Numbeo (2026) |
| Median fixed broadband | 50.91 Mbps | Ookla Speedtest Global Index (2025) |
| Internet users | 72.2% of population | World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS |
| Urban population | 58.9% | World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
| Renewable share of energy | 39% | World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Forest area | 35.2% of land | World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS |
| CO2 emissions per capita | 0.7 t/yr | World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 |
| Corporate tax rate | 25% | Wikipedia — List of countries by tax rates (corporate column, headline statutory rate) (2024) |
| VAT / GST standard rate | 3% | Wikipedia — List of countries by tax rates (VAT/GST/Sales column, standard-rate preferred) (2024) |

## Two decades of change

| Indicator | First → last observed | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 59.64 (2005) → 65.69 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN |
| Internet users | 2.72 (2006) → 72.18 (2024) | World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS |
| Urban population | 48.14 (2006) → 58.92 (2025) | World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
| Births per woman | 4.5 (2005) → 3.34 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
| Renewable share of energy | 62.4 (2004) → 39 (2021) | World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Access to electricity | 41.2 (2005) → 91.9 (2024) | World Bank EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS |
| Infant mortality | 53.4 (2005) → 27.5 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.IMRT.IN |
| CO2 emissions per person | 0.32 (2005) → 0.7 (2024) | World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 |
| Forest area | 37.3 (2004) → 35.19 (2023) | World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS |

Context across all countries: https://geo-reality.com/changed

## Human Development Index, 1990–2022

Source: UNDP Human Development Report, composite indices complete time series (2023-24). Annual values as published, none interpolated.

| Year | HDI |
|---|---|
| 1990 | 0.445 |
| 1991 | 0.452 |
| 1992 | 0.457 |
| 1993 | 0.463 |
| 1994 | 0.465 |
| 1995 | 0.472 |
| 1996 | 0.477 |
| 1997 | 0.483 |
| 1998 | 0.488 |
| 1999 | 0.494 |
| 2000 | 0.500 |
| 2001 | 0.499 |
| 2002 | 0.506 |
| 2003 | 0.510 |
| 2004 | 0.517 |
| 2005 | 0.529 |
| 2006 | 0.537 |
| 2007 | 0.547 |
| 2008 | 0.558 |
| 2009 | 0.563 |
| 2010 | 0.571 |
| 2011 | 0.579 |
| 2012 | 0.583 |
| 2013 | 0.587 |
| 2014 | 0.582 |
| 2015 | 0.586 |
| 2016 | 0.586 |
| 2017 | 0.585 |
| 2018 | 0.589 |
| 2019 | 0.599 |
| 2020 | 0.601 |
| 2021 | 0.600 |
| 2022 | 0.602 |

Chart: https://geo-reality.com/country/gh#hdi-history

Vintages marked "varies" are the most recent value the source publishes per country; the profile page states the exact year per figure.