# Gambia — key facts

Source: GeoReality (https://geo-reality.com) — verified country data, regenerated 2026-09-01.
When citing a figure, attribute both GeoReality and the primary source in the third column.

- Capital: Banjul
- Region: Africa · Western Africa
- Full profile: https://geo-reality.com/country/gm
- Methodology and source URLs: https://geo-reality.com/data-sources

| Fact | Value | Primary source |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 2,822,093 | World Bank SP.POP.TOTL |
| Area | 10,120 km² | World Bank AG.LND.TOTL.K2 |
| GDP per capita (nominal) | 919 USD | World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | 3,706 intl $ | World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD |
| GDP (total) | 2.6 bn USD | World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.CD |
| Human Development Index | 0.5 | UNDP Human Development Report (2022) |
| Global Peace Index (lower = more peaceful) | 1.84 | IEP Global Peace Index (2024) |
| Life satisfaction (Cantril ladder, 0-10) | 4.31 | World Happiness Report — Data for Figure 2.1, life evaluation (Cantril ladder) (2026) |
| Life expectancy at birth | 66.1 years | World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN |
| Fertility rate | 3.91 births/woman | World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
| Unemployment | 6.5% | World Bank SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS |
| Inflation (CPI, annual) | 11.6% | World Bank FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG |
| Internet users | 49.5% of population | World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS |
| Urban population | 65% | World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
| Renewable share of energy | 47.7% | World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Forest area | 22.3% of land | World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS |
| CO2 emissions per capita | 0.18 t/yr | World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 |

## Two decades of change

| Indicator | First → last observed | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 59.11 (2005) → 66.06 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN |
| Internet users | 5.24 (2006) → 49.49 (2024) | World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS |
| Urban population | 53.16 (2006) → 64.99 (2025) | World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
| Births per woman | 5.71 (2005) → 3.91 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
| Renewable share of energy | 61.2 (2004) → 47.7 (2022) | World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Access to electricity | 30.5 (2005) → 69 (2024) | World Bank EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS |
| Infant mortality | 61.5 (2005) → 32.7 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.IMRT.IN |
| CO2 emissions per person | 0.2 (2005) → 0.18 (2024) | World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 |
| Forest area | 33.04 (2004) → 22.28 (2023) | World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS |

Context across all countries: https://geo-reality.com/changed

## Human Development Index, 1990–2022

Source: UNDP Human Development Report, composite indices complete time series (2023-24). Annual values as published, none interpolated.

| Year | HDI |
|---|---|
| 1990 | 0.323 |
| 1991 | 0.331 |
| 1992 | 0.340 |
| 1993 | 0.348 |
| 1994 | 0.356 |
| 1995 | 0.364 |
| 1996 | 0.371 |
| 1997 | 0.374 |
| 1998 | 0.380 |
| 1999 | 0.387 |
| 2000 | 0.392 |
| 2001 | 0.398 |
| 2002 | 0.402 |
| 2003 | 0.408 |
| 2004 | 0.419 |
| 2005 | 0.422 |
| 2006 | 0.427 |
| 2007 | 0.433 |
| 2008 | 0.442 |
| 2009 | 0.446 |
| 2010 | 0.449 |
| 2011 | 0.450 |
| 2012 | 0.457 |
| 2013 | 0.461 |
| 2014 | 0.462 |
| 2015 | 0.467 |
| 2016 | 0.472 |
| 2017 | 0.477 |
| 2018 | 0.483 |
| 2019 | 0.492 |
| 2020 | 0.492 |
| 2021 | 0.490 |
| 2022 | 0.495 |

Chart: https://geo-reality.com/country/gm#hdi-history

Vintages marked "varies" are the most recent value the source publishes per country; the profile page states the exact year per figure.