# Nepal — key facts

Source: GeoReality (https://geo-reality.com) — verified country data, regenerated 2026-09-01.
When citing a figure, attribute both GeoReality and the primary source in the third column.

- Capital: Kathmandu
- Region: Asia · Southern Asia
- Full profile: https://geo-reality.com/country/np
- Methodology and source URLs: https://geo-reality.com/data-sources

| Fact | Value | Primary source |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 29,618,118 | World Bank SP.POP.TOTL |
| Area | 143,350 km² | World Bank AG.LND.TOTL.K2 |
| GDP per capita (nominal) | 1,536 USD | World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | 6,175 intl $ | World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD |
| GDP (total) | 45.5 bn USD | World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.CD |
| Human Development Index | 0.6 | UNDP Human Development Report (2022) |
| Global Peace Index (lower = more peaceful) | 2.14 | IEP Global Peace Index (2024) |
| Life satisfaction (Cantril ladder, 0-10) | 5.15 | World Happiness Report — Data for Figure 2.1, life evaluation (Cantril ladder) (2026) |
| Life expectancy at birth | 70.6 years | World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN |
| Fertility rate | 1.96 births/woman | World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
| Unemployment | 10.5% | World Bank SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS |
| Inflation (CPI, annual) | 2.7% | World Bank FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG |
| Gini income inequality | 30 | World Bank SI.POV.GINI |
| Cost of living index (NYC = 100) | 22.6 | Numbeo (2026) |
| Safety index (Numbeo) | 63.9 | Numbeo (2026) |
| Median fixed broadband | 84.6 Mbps | Ookla Speedtest Global Index (2025) |
| Internet users | 46.3% of population | World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS |
| Urban population | 67% | World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
| Renewable share of energy | 73.7% | World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Forest area | 41.6% of land | World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS |
| CO2 emissions per capita | 0.54 t/yr | World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 |
| Corporate tax rate | 25% | Wikipedia — List of countries by tax rates (corporate column, headline statutory rate) (2024) |
| VAT / GST standard rate | 13% | Wikipedia — List of countries by tax rates (VAT/GST/Sales column, standard-rate preferred) (2024) |
| Top personal income tax | 36% | Wikipedia — List of countries by tax rates (Individual income / Highest column) (2024) |

## Two decades of change

| Indicator | First → last observed | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 65.28 (2005) → 70.64 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN |
| Internet users | 1.14 (2006) → 46.32 (2024) | World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS |
| Urban population | 49.51 (2006) → 67 (2025) | World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
| Births per woman | 3.12 (2005) → 1.96 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
| Renewable share of energy | 90.3 (2004) → 73.7 (2021) | World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Access to electricity | 46.1 (2005) → 97.9 (2024) | World Bank EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS |
| Infant mortality | 48.8 (2005) → 22.2 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.IMRT.IN |
| CO2 emissions per person | 0.12 (2005) → 0.54 (2024) | World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 |
| Forest area | 40.83 (2004) → 41.59 (2023) | World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS |

Context across all countries: https://geo-reality.com/changed

## Human Development Index, 1990–2022

Source: UNDP Human Development Report, composite indices complete time series (2023-24). Annual values as published, none interpolated.

| Year | HDI |
|---|---|
| 1990 | 0.395 |
| 1991 | 0.403 |
| 1992 | 0.411 |
| 1993 | 0.416 |
| 1994 | 0.423 |
| 1995 | 0.428 |
| 1996 | 0.437 |
| 1997 | 0.444 |
| 1998 | 0.449 |
| 1999 | 0.455 |
| 2000 | 0.461 |
| 2001 | 0.462 |
| 2002 | 0.469 |
| 2003 | 0.476 |
| 2004 | 0.484 |
| 2005 | 0.492 |
| 2006 | 0.503 |
| 2007 | 0.508 |
| 2008 | 0.518 |
| 2009 | 0.530 |
| 2010 | 0.543 |
| 2011 | 0.552 |
| 2012 | 0.557 |
| 2013 | 0.563 |
| 2014 | 0.567 |
| 2015 | 0.568 |
| 2016 | 0.574 |
| 2017 | 0.581 |
| 2018 | 0.588 |
| 2019 | 0.598 |
| 2020 | 0.593 |
| 2021 | 0.591 |
| 2022 | 0.601 |

Chart: https://geo-reality.com/country/np#hdi-history

Vintages marked "varies" are the most recent value the source publishes per country; the profile page states the exact year per figure.