# Eswatini — key facts

Source: GeoReality (https://geo-reality.com) — verified country data, regenerated 2026-09-01.
When citing a figure, attribute both GeoReality and the primary source in the third column.

- Capital: Mbabane
- Region: Africa · Southern Africa
- Full profile: https://geo-reality.com/country/sz
- Methodology and source URLs: https://geo-reality.com/data-sources

| Fact | Value | Primary source |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 1,256,174 | World Bank SP.POP.TOTL |
| Area | 17,200 km² | World Bank AG.LND.TOTL.K2 |
| GDP per capita (nominal) | 4,108 USD | World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | 12,529 intl $ | World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD |
| GDP (total) | 5.2 bn USD | World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.CD |
| Human Development Index | 0.61 | UNDP Human Development Report (2022) |
| Global Peace Index (lower = more peaceful) | 2.1 | IEP Global Peace Index (2024) |
| Life satisfaction (Cantril ladder, 0-10) | 3.91 | World Happiness Report — Data for Figure 2.1, life evaluation (Cantril ladder) (2026) |
| Life expectancy at birth | 64.3 years | World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN |
| Fertility rate | 2.72 births/woman | World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
| Unemployment | 34.2% | World Bank SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS |
| Internet users | 63.4% of population | World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS |
| Urban population | 26.7% | World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
| Renewable share of energy | 64.7% | World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Forest area | 29.1% of land | World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS |
| CO2 emissions per capita | 0.88 t/yr | World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 |
| Corporate tax rate | 27.5% | Wikipedia — List of countries by tax rates (corporate column, headline statutory rate) (2024) |
| VAT / GST standard rate | 15% | Wikipedia — List of countries by tax rates (VAT/GST/Sales column, standard-rate preferred) (2024) |
| Top personal income tax | 33% | Wikipedia — List of countries by tax rates (Individual income / Highest column) (2024) |

## Two decades of change

| Indicator | First → last observed | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 43.96 (2005) → 64.26 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN |
| Internet users | 3.7 (2006) → 63.4 (2024) | World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS |
| Urban population | 22.15 (2006) → 26.72 (2025) | World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS |
| Births per woman | 3.7 (2005) → 2.72 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
| Renewable share of energy | 66.6 (2004) → 64.7 (2022) | World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Access to electricity | 34.2 (2005) → 89.3 (2024) | World Bank EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS |
| Infant mortality | 72.2 (2005) → 42.2 (2024) | World Bank SP.DYN.IMRT.IN |
| CO2 emissions per person | 0.92 (2005) → 0.88 (2024) | World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 |
| Forest area | 27.8 (2004) → 29.14 (2023) | World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS |

Context across all countries: https://geo-reality.com/changed

## Human Development Index, 1990–2022

Source: UNDP Human Development Report, composite indices complete time series (2023-24). Annual values as published, none interpolated.

| Year | HDI |
|---|---|
| 1990 | 0.546 |
| 1991 | 0.543 |
| 1992 | 0.537 |
| 1993 | 0.529 |
| 1994 | 0.520 |
| 1995 | 0.515 |
| 1996 | 0.506 |
| 1997 | 0.496 |
| 1998 | 0.485 |
| 1999 | 0.477 |
| 2000 | 0.465 |
| 2001 | 0.456 |
| 2002 | 0.444 |
| 2003 | 0.438 |
| 2004 | 0.436 |
| 2005 | 0.439 |
| 2006 | 0.454 |
| 2007 | 0.464 |
| 2008 | 0.473 |
| 2009 | 0.481 |
| 2010 | 0.498 |
| 2011 | 0.514 |
| 2012 | 0.530 |
| 2013 | 0.546 |
| 2014 | 0.560 |
| 2015 | 0.577 |
| 2016 | 0.590 |
| 2017 | 0.601 |
| 2018 | 0.613 |
| 2019 | 0.623 |
| 2020 | 0.622 |
| 2021 | 0.612 |
| 2022 | 0.610 |

Chart: https://geo-reality.com/country/sz#hdi-history

Vintages marked "varies" are the most recent value the source publishes per country; the profile page states the exact year per figure.