Jamaica, year by year

Every index this site holds for Jamaica, in time order: 12 series across 1990–2025, each value as its source published it. The profile shows the latest snapshot; this is the record behind it.

HDI since 1990

Human development rose from 0.662 in 1990 to 0.720 in 2023.

UNDP Human Development Report, 2025 edition. 34 annual values, none interpolated.

Twenty years here

The world report

Life expectancy at birth: 71.6 years2024at birthUp 0.1 years from 71.5 years in 2005
Internet users: 90%2024of people onlineUp 74 points from 16% in 2006
Urban population: 59%2025of people in towns and citiesUp 6 points from 53% in 2006
Births per woman: 1.352024births per womanDown 0.80 from 2.15 in 2005
Renewable share of energy: 11%2021of energy usedUp 4 points from 6% in 2004
Access to electricity: 98%2024of people with electricityUp 10 points from 88% in 2005
Infant mortality: 162024deaths before age one, per 1,000 birthsDown 1 from 17 in 2005
CO2 emissions per person: 2.8 t2024of CO2 per person a yearDown 1.1 t from 4 t in 2005
Forest area: 56%2023of land under forestUp 7 points from 49% in 2004

World Bank, from the first to the last observed year of each indicator; each has its own window.

All indexes, 1990–2025

36 years · 12 series · 3 values marked for checking

Year	HDI0–1	Life expectancy at birthyears	Internet users% of people	Urban population% of people	Births per womanbirths	Renewable share of energy% of energy	Access to electricity% of people	Infant mortalityper 1,000 births	CO2 emissions per persont/year	Forest area% of land	GDP per capitaUS$	GDP per capita, PPPintl $
1990	0.662	71.7	—	—	2.96	12.5	70	25	3.2	48.1	—	—
1991	0.662	71.8	—	49.7	3.00	12.4	77	24	3.2	48.1	—	—
1992	0.664	71.8	—	49.9	3.03	13.1	78	24	3.4	48.1	—	—
1993	0.664	71.8	—	50.1	2.99	14.3	79	23	3.4	48.1	—	—
1994	0.664	71.6	0.0	50.3	2.93	12.6	80	22	3.4	48.1	—	—
1995	0.665	71.5	0.1	50.6	2.85	13.7	80	22	3.5	48.1	—	—
1996	0.664	71.3	0.6	50.8	2.77	12.6	86	21	3.6	48.1	—	—
1997	0.663	71.2	0.8	51.0	2.68	12.9	82	20	3.7	48.1	—	—
1998	0.662	71.2	2.0	51.3	2.57	10.5	83	20	3.9	48.1	—	—
1999	0.662	71.2	2.4	51.5	2.47	10.0	85	19	3.9	48.1	—	—
2000	0.659	71.3	3.1	51.7	2.35	9.3	84	19	3.9	48.1	—	—
2001	0.668	71.3	3.9	51.9	2.30	7.9	88	18	3.9	48.5	—	—
2002	0.672	71.5	6.1	52.1	2.27	8.0	87	18	3.9	48.8	—	—
2003	0.668	71.6	7.8	52.4	2.24	8.1	87	18	4.0	49.1	—	—
2004	0.684	71.5	10.0	52.6	2.20	6.4	87	17	4.0	49.5	—	—
2005	0.687	71.5	12.8	52.8	2.15	5.4	88	17	4.0	49.8	—	—
2006	0.696	71.4	16.4	53.0	2.09	4.8	89	17	4.6	50.2	4417	8577
2007	0.704	71.4	21.1	53.2	2.02	5.3	89	17	4.5	50.5	4716	8893
2008	0.711	71.5	23.6	53.4	1.95	5.9	92	17	3.6	50.9	5030	8952
2009	0.711	71.7	24.3	53.6	1.88	7.4	91	17	2.9	51.2	4428	8580
2010	0.708	72.0	27.7	53.8	1.80	8.9	92	17	2.8	51.6	4810	8521
2011	0.711	72.3	37.4	54.0	1.72	9.8	91	17	2.8	51.9	5233	8809
2012	0.711	72.4	33.8	54.3	1.65	12.2	93	17	2.5	52.3	5341	8831
2013	0.711	72.4	37.1	54.5	1.59	11.4	94	17	2.7	52.6	5124	9101
2014	0.712	72.4	40.4	54.9	1.54	11.9	93	17	2.6	53.0	4975	9210
2015	0.713	72.2	42.2	55.2	1.51	12.1	95	17	2.5	53.3	5339	9476
2016	0.714	72.0	44.4	55.5	1.46	11.1	97	17	2.7	53.7	5302	9948
2017	0.715	71.9	55.1	55.9	1.43	11.0	97	17	2.6	54.0	5605	10466
2018	0.715	71.6	68.2	56.3	1.40	8.9	98	17	3.1	54.4	5977	10753
2019	0.716	71.5	70.8	56.7	1.39	9.2	99	17	3.0	54.8	6031	10845
2020	0.711	71.5	76.4	57.1	1.38	11.7	100	17	2.1	55.1	5299	9764
2021	0.703	69.1	82.4	57.5	1.38	10.5	100	17	2.3	55.5	5626	10431
2022	0.718	71.5	85.8	58.0	1.37	—	100	17	2.6	55.8	6626	11886
2023	0.720	71.5	89.5	58.5	1.36	—	98	17	2.7	56.2	7542	12661
2024	—	71.6	90.1	58.9	1.35	—	98	16	2.8	—	7754	12909
2025	—	—	—	59.4	—	—	—	—	—	—	8003	13291
On the profile	0.720	71.6	90.1	59.4	1.35	10.5	—	—	2.8	56.2	8003	13291

Sources: HDI: UNDP HDR 2025; Life expectancy at birth: World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN; Internet users: World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS; Urban population: World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS; Births per woman: World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN; Renewable share of energy: World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS; Access to electricity: World Bank EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS; Infant mortality: World Bank SP.DYN.IMRT.IN; CO2 emissions per person: World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5; Forest area: World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS; GDP per capita: World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD; GDP per capita, PPP: World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD. Profile snapshot from the site dataset regenerated 2026-10-04. Observed years only.

A dotted value moved sharply against the previous observed value in its series, which is the usual signature of a series break or a source revision; it is a prompt to check, not a judgement. The last row, On the profile, is the figure the country profile shows today, set under its series so the two can be checked against each other. ≠ marks a difference of more than 2%: none on this page.

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