Mongolia, year by year

Every index this site holds for Mongolia, in time order: 12 series across 1990–2025, each value as its source published it. The profile shows the latest snapshot; this is the record behind it.

HDI since 1990

Human development rose from 0.593 in 1990 to 0.747 in 2023.

UNDP Human Development Report, 2025 edition. 34 annual values, none interpolated.

Twenty years here

The world report

Life expectancy at birth: 72.4 years2024at birthUp 7.1 years from 65.3 years in 2005
Internet users: 85%2024of people onlineUp 76 points from 9% in 2006
Urban population: 71%2025of people in towns and citiesUp 7 points from 64% in 2006
Births per woman: 2.502024births per womanUp 0.50 from 2 in 2005
Renewable share of energy: 3%2021of energy usedDown 3 points from 6% in 2004
Access to electricity: 99%2024of people with electricityUp 13 points from 86% in 2005
Infant mortality: 112024deaths before age one, per 1,000 birthsDown 20 from 31 in 2005
CO2 emissions per person: 7.8 t2024of CO2 per person a yearUp 3.5 t from 4.4 t in 2005
Forest area: 9%2023of land under forestLevel with 2004

World Bank, from the first to the last observed year of each indicator; each has its own window.

All indexes, 1990–2025

36 years · 12 series · 5 values marked for checking

Year	HDI0–1	Life expectancy at birthyears	Internet users% of people	Urban population% of people	Births per womanbirths	Renewable share of energy% of energy	Access to electricity% of people	Infant mortalityper 1,000 births	CO2 emissions per persont/year	Forest area% of land	GDP per capitaUS$	GDP per capita, PPPintl $
1990	0.593	58.8	—	—	4.50	1.9	—	74	6.3	9.3	—	—
1991	0.591	59.8	—	57.0	4.00	2.0	—	71	6.9	9.3	—	—
1992	0.581	60.4	—	57.0	3.50	2.4	—	69	6.0	9.3	—	—
1993	0.567	60.8	—	56.9	2.50	2.7	—	67	5.5	9.3	—	—
1994	0.568	60.9	—	56.9	2.70	3.0	—	65	4.8	9.3	—	—
1995	0.572	60.9	0.0	56.8	2.77	3.0	—	63	4.7	9.3	—	—
1996	0.578	61.0	0.0	56.7	2.50	3.4	—	60	3.9	9.2	—	—
1997	0.585	61.4	0.1	56.7	2.40	3.4	—	57	3.7	9.2	—	—
1998	0.594	62.1	0.1	56.7	2.30	3.7	—	54	3.7	9.2	—	—
1999	0.602	62.8	0.5	56.6	2.30	3.6	—	51	3.7	9.2	—	—
2000	0.611	63.2	1.3	56.7	2.20	5.7	67	47	3.8	9.2	—	—
2001	0.622	63.4	1.6	57.2	2.20	6.1	72	44	3.7	9.2	—	—
2002	0.631	63.5	2.0	58.1	2.10	6.5	73	41	3.9	9.2	—	—
2003	0.643	63.6	—	59.4	2.00	6.1	76	37	3.8	9.2	—	—
2004	0.658	64.6	—	60.8	2.00	5.8	75	34	3.8	9.2	—	—
2005	0.671	65.3	9.0	62.3	2.00	5.3	86	31	4.4	9.2	—	—
2006	0.683	65.9	9.0	63.8	2.10	4.5	77	29	5.0	9.1	1330	5977
2007	0.696	66.6	9.0	65.3	2.30	4.7	78	27	5.1	9.1	1628	6678
2008	0.707	67.3	9.8	66.5	2.60	4.7	79	24	5.0	9.1	2127	7297
2009	0.711	68.0	10.0	67.4	2.80	4.4	80	23	5.2	9.1	1703	7119
2010	0.714	68.5	10.2	67.8	2.40	4.5	79	21	5.4	9.1	2625	7532
2011	0.725	69.1	12.5	67.9	2.60	4.0	72	19	5.8	9.1	3736	8862
2012	0.735	69.5	16.4	68.0	2.70	3.0	84	18	6.2	9.1	4329	10152
2013	0.744	70.1	17.7	68.0	3.00	3.0	81	17	6.6	9.1	4340	10442
2014	0.748	70.6	19.9	68.0	3.10	3.3	86	17	6.6	9.1	4126	10900
2015	0.753	70.8	22.5	68.0	3.00	3.5	88	16	6.0	9.1	3839	10458
2016	0.759	70.2	22.3	68.0	3.00	3.4	91	15	6.2	9.1	3620	10511
2017	0.759	70.5	23.7	67.9	2.80	1.8	94	14	6.7	9.1	3646	11096
2018	0.767	70.8	47.1	67.9	2.90	2.1	98	14	7.2	9.1	4108	12317
2019	0.758	71.0	51.1	67.8	3.00	2.3	99	13	7.8	9.1	4348	13605
2020	0.741	71.3	62.5	68.1	2.90	2.9	100	12	6.8	9.1	4001	13693
2021	0.727	71.7	81.6	69.2	2.80	3.0	100	12	7.4	9.1	4518	14792
2022	0.742	71.9	81.1	69.8	2.70	—	100	12	7.3	9.1	4994	16399
2023	0.747	72.1	83.7	70.5	2.70	—	100	11	7.8	9.1	5839	18020
2024	—	72.4	85.1	71.0	2.50	—	99	11	7.8	—	6751	19173
2025	—	—	—	71.2	—	—	—	—	—	—	7108	20798
On the profile	0.747	72.4	85.1	71.1	2.50	3.0	—	—	7.8	9.1	7108	20798

Sources: HDI: UNDP HDR 2025; Life expectancy at birth: World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN; Internet users: World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS; Urban population: World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS; Births per woman: World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN; Renewable share of energy: World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS; Access to electricity: World Bank EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS; Infant mortality: World Bank SP.DYN.IMRT.IN; CO2 emissions per person: World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5; Forest area: World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS; GDP per capita: World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD; GDP per capita, PPP: World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD. Profile snapshot from the site dataset regenerated 2026-10-04. Observed years only.

A dotted value moved sharply against the previous observed value in its series, which is the usual signature of a series break or a source revision; it is a prompt to check, not a judgement. The last row, On the profile, is the figure the country profile shows today, set under its series so the two can be checked against each other. ≠ marks a difference of more than 2%: none on this page.

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