Australia, year by year

Every index this site holds for Australia, in time order: 12 series across 1990–2025, each value as its source published it. The profile shows the latest snapshot; this is the record behind it.

HDI since 1990

Human development rose from 0.867 in 1990 to 0.958 in 2023.

UNDP Human Development Report, 2025 edition. 34 annual values, none interpolated.

Twenty years here

The world report

Life expectancy at birth: 83 years2024at birthUp 2.2 years from 80.8 years in 2005
Internet users: 96%2024of people onlineUp 30 points from 66% in 2006
Urban population: 88%2025of people in towns and citiesUp 2 points from 86% in 2006
Births per woman: 1.482024births per womanDown 0.33 from 1.81 in 2005
Renewable share of energy: 12%2021of energy usedUp 6 points from 7% in 2004
Access to electricity: 100%2024of people with electricityLevel with 2005
Infant mortality: 32024deaths before age one, per 1,000 birthsDown 2 from 5 in 2005
CO2 emissions per person: 14.1 t2024of CO2 per person a yearDown 4.9 t from 19 t in 2005
Forest area: 17%2023of land under forestLevel with 2004

World Bank, from the first to the last observed year of each indicator; each has its own window.

All indexes, 1990–2025

36 years · 12 series

Year	HDI0–1	Life expectancy at birthyears	Internet users% of people	Urban population% of people	Births per womanbirths	Renewable share of energy% of energy	Access to electricity% of people	Infant mortalityper 1,000 births	CO2 emissions per persont/year	Forest area% of land	GDP per capitaUS$	GDP per capita, PPPintl $
1990	0.867	77.0	—	—	1.90	8.0	100	8	16.3	17.4	—	—
1991	0.868	77.3	1.1	85.4	1.85	8.2	100	7	16.2	17.4	—	—
1992	0.868	77.4	1.8	85.4	1.89	7.5	100	7	16.2	17.4	—	—
1993	0.872	77.9	2.0	85.4	1.86	8.6	100	6	16.3	17.4	—	—
1994	0.873	77.9	2.2	85.3	1.84	8.3	100	6	16.4	17.3	—	—
1995	0.882	77.8	2.8	85.3	1.82	8.2	100	6	16.8	17.3	—	—
1996	0.884	78.1	3.3	85.2	1.80	8.9	100	6	17.2	17.3	—	—
1997	0.887	78.5	16.4	85.2	1.78	9.1	100	5	17.5	17.2	—	—
1998	0.891	78.6	30.8	85.2	1.76	8.6	100	5	18.4	17.2	—	—
1999	0.893	78.9	40.8	85.1	1.76	8.5	100	5	18.5	17.2	—	—
2000	0.897	79.2	46.8	85.1	1.76	8.4	100	5	18.6	17.2	—	—
2001	0.900	79.6	52.7	85.2	1.74	8.4	100	5	18.7	17.1	—	—
2002	0.902	79.9	—	85.3	1.76	8.7	100	5	18.9	17.1	—	—
2003	0.906	80.2	—	85.4	1.75	7.2	100	5	18.7	17.1	—	—
2004	0.910	80.5	—	85.5	1.77	6.7	100	5	19.2	17.0	—	—
2005	0.914	80.8	63.0	85.6	1.81	6.7	100	5	19.0	17.0	—	—
2006	0.917	81.0	66.0	85.8	1.91	6.8	100	5	19.1	17.0	36659	34890
2007	0.919	81.3	69.5	85.9	1.96	7.0	100	5	19.2	16.9	41128	36708
2008	0.924	81.4	71.7	86.0	1.98	6.8	100	4	19.0	16.9	49811	37616
2009	0.927	81.5	74.3	86.1	1.97	7.1	100	4	18.9	16.9	42955	40434
2010	0.929	81.7	76.0	86.2	1.93	8.2	100	4	18.9	16.9	52314	39504
2011	0.933	81.9	79.5	86.3	1.93	8.3	100	4	18.5	17.0	62799	42153
2012	0.938	82.0	79.0	86.5	1.92	8.3	100	4	18.2	17.1	68301	43007
2013	0.935	82.2	83.5	86.6	1.86	9.2	100	4	17.5	17.1	68477	46123
2014	0.937	82.3	84.0	86.7	1.83	9.3	100	3	16.9	17.2	62817	47109
2015	0.938	82.4	84.6	86.9	1.81	9.4	100	3	16.8	17.3	56970	46465
2016	0.939	82.5	86.5	87.0	1.75	9.6	100	3	16.9	17.4	50084	47446
2017	0.940	82.5	86.5	87.1	1.74	9.9	100	3	16.7	17.4	54118	48565
2018	0.945	82.8	90.0	87.2	1.74	9.8	100	3	16.4	17.4	57410	50371
2019	0.947	82.9	93.6	87.3	1.66	10.3	100	3	16.1	17.4	55195	52886
2020	0.950	83.2	94.7	87.3	1.58	11.2	100	3	15.3	17.4	51983	54184
2021	0.954	83.3	97.0	87.2	1.70	12.3	100	3	15.0	17.4	60759	58327
2022	0.952	83.2	96.1	87.3	1.63	—	100	3	14.5	17.4	65170	66103
2023	0.958	83.0	96.1	87.5	1.50	—	100	3	14.2	17.4	65058	72273
2024	—	83.0	96.1	87.6	1.48	—	100	3	14.1	—	64610	72118
2025	—	—	—	87.7	—	—	—	—	—	—	65130	71934
On the profile	0.958	83.1	96.1	87.7	1.48	12.3	—	—	14.1	17.4	65130	71934

Sources: HDI: UNDP HDR 2025; Life expectancy at birth: World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN; Internet users: World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS; Urban population: World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS; Births per woman: World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN; Renewable share of energy: World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS; Access to electricity: World Bank EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS; Infant mortality: World Bank SP.DYN.IMRT.IN; CO2 emissions per person: World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5; Forest area: World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS; GDP per capita: World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD; GDP per capita, PPP: World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD. Profile snapshot from the site dataset regenerated 2026-10-04. Observed years only.

A dotted value moved sharply against the previous observed value in its series, which is the usual signature of a series break or a source revision; it is a prompt to check, not a judgement. The last row, On the profile, is the figure the country profile shows today, set under its series so the two can be checked against each other. ≠ marks a difference of more than 2%: none on this page.

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