Estonia, year by year

Every index this site holds for Estonia, in time order: 12 series across 1990–2025, each value as its source published it. The profile shows the latest snapshot; this is the record behind it.

HDI since 1990

0.741 → 0.899 (+0.158)

UNDP Human Development Report, 2023-24 edition. 33 annual values, none interpolated; hover any point for its year.

Twenty years here

The world report →

Life expectancy at birth72.6 → 79.3 (+6.7)

Internet users64 → 92 (+29)

Urban population68 → 71 (+3)

Births per woman1.52 → 1.18 (-0.34)

Renewable share of energy20 → 38 (+18)

Access to electricity100 → 100 (0)

Infant mortality6 → 2 (-4)

CO2 emissions per person14.8 → 7.8 (-7.1)

Forest area54 → 57 (+3)

World Bank observations, first to last available year per indicator (roughly 2005–2024; each series has its own window).

All indexes, 1990–2025

36 years · 12 series · 5 values marked for checking

Year	HDI0–1	Life expectancy at birthyears	Internet users% of people	Urban population% of people	Births per womanbirths	Renewable share of energy% of energy	Access to electricity% of people	Infant mortalityper 1,000 births	CO2 emissions per persont/year	Forest area% of land	GDP per capitaUS$	GDP per capita, PPPintl $
1990	0.741	69.5	—	—	2.05	4	100	14	25.5	—	—	—
1991	0.736	69.4	—	71	1.80	4	100	14	23.4	—	—	—
1992	0.726	68.9	0	71	1.71	6	100	14	17.4	52.2	—	—
1993	0.718	67.9	0	70	1.49	7	100	13	14.7	52.3	—	—
1994	0.720	66.5	1	70	1.42	11	100	13	15.4	52.4	—	—
1995	0.733	67.5	3	69	1.38	18	100	12	14.3	52.4	—	—
1996	0.749	69.6	4	68	1.37	20	100	12	15.3	52.5	—	—
1997	0.764	69.8	6	68	1.32	20	100	11	15.1	52.6	—	—
1998	0.772	69.4	11	68	1.28	18	100	10	13.7	52.7	—	—
1999	0.781	70.1	15	67	1.30	20	100	10	12.5	52.7	—	—
2000	0.798	70.4	29	67	1.36	20	100	9	12.8	52.8	—	—
2001	0.807	70.3	32	67	1.32	19	100	8	13.2	53.0	—	—
2002	0.818	70.9	42	67	1.36	19	100	7	12.7	53.3	—	—
2003	0.826	71.3	45	67	1.37	20	100	7	14.3	53.5	—	—
2004	0.836	71.9	53	67	1.47	20	100	6	14.7	53.7	—	—
2005	0.848	72.6	61	68	1.52	19	100	6	14.8	54.0	—	—
2006	0.856	72.7	64	68	1.58	17	100	5	14.4	54.2	12641	19344
2007	0.859	72.8	66	68	1.69	19	100	5	17.2	54.4	16745	22201
2008	0.861	73.8	71	68	1.72	21	100	4	15.6	54.6	18206	22804
2009	0.859	74.8	73	68	1.70	24	100	4	13.1	54.9	14712	20489
2010	0.864	75.4	74	68	1.72	25	100	4	16.7	55.1	14664	21614
2011	0.873	76.2	77	68	1.61	25	100	3	16.8	55.5	17556	24652
2012	0.876	76.3	78	68	1.56	25	100	3	16.1	55.9	17568	26243
2013	0.881	77.1	80	68	1.52	25	100	3	17.9	54.9	19310	27831
2014	0.879	77.0	84	68	1.54	25	100	3	17.3	55.3	20582	29404
2015	0.883	77.6	88	68	1.58	28	100	2	16.0	55.7	17722	29713
2016	0.884	77.6	87	69	1.60	27	100	2	15.7	55.7	18666	31948
2017	0.886	78.1	88	69	1.59	28	100	2	16.7	57.0	20852	34507
2018	0.890	78.2	89	69	1.67	29	100	2	17.9	57.0	23618	37121
2019	0.893	78.7	90	70	1.66	31	100	2	11.7	57.0	24021	40586
2020	0.891	78.6	89	70	1.58	40	100	2	9.1	57.0	23934	40672
2021	0.890	76.9	91	70	1.61	38	100	2	9.7	57.0	27951	44247
2022	0.899	77.8	92	70	1.41	—	100	2	11.1	57.1	28340	48030
2023	—	78.8	93	71	1.31	—	100	2	8.4	57.1	30264	48848
2024	—	79.3	92	71	1.18	—	100	2	7.8	—	31428	50396
2025	—	—	—	71	—	—	—	—	—	—	34418	52106
Profile shows	0.899	79.3	92	71	1.18	38	—	—	7.8	57.1	34418	52106

Sources: HDI — UNDP HDR 2023-24; Life expectancy at birth — World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN; Internet users — World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS; Urban population — World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS; Births per woman — World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN; Renewable share of energy — World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS; Access to electricity — World Bank EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS; Infant mortality — World Bank SP.DYN.IMRT.IN; CO2 emissions per person — World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5; Forest area — World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS; GDP per capita — World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD; GDP per capita, PPP — World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD. Profile snapshot from the site dataset regenerated 2026-09-01. Observed years only; IMF projections are excluded.

A dotted value moved sharply against the previous observed value in its series, which is the usual signature of a series break or a source revision; it is a prompt to check, not a judgement. In the last row, ≠ means the profile’s current figure differs from the latest value here by more than 2%: none do on this page.

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