Ghana, year by year

Every index this site holds for Ghana, in time order: 12 series across 1990–2025, each value as its source published it. The profile shows the latest snapshot; this is the record behind it.

HDI since 1990

Human development rose from 0.432 in 1990 to 0.628 in 2023.

UNDP Human Development Report, 2025 edition. 34 annual values, none interpolated.

Twenty years here

The world report

Life expectancy at birth: 65.7 years2024at birthUp 6 years from 59.6 years in 2005
Internet users: 72%2024of people onlineUp 69 points from 3% in 2006
Urban population: 59%2025of people in towns and citiesUp 11 points from 48% in 2006
Births per woman: 3.342024births per womanDown 1.16 from 4.50 in 2005
Renewable share of energy: 39%2021of energy usedDown 23 points from 62% in 2004
Access to electricity: 92%2024of people with electricityUp 51 points from 41% in 2005
Infant mortality: 282024deaths before age one, per 1,000 birthsDown 26 from 53 in 2005
CO2 emissions per person: 0.7 t2024of CO2 per person a yearUp 0.4 t from 0.3 t in 2005
Forest area: 35%2023of land under forestDown 2 points from 37% in 2004

World Bank, from the first to the last observed year of each indicator; each has its own window.

All indexes, 1990–2025

36 years · 12 series · 4 values marked for checking

Year	HDI0–1	Life expectancy at birthyears	Internet users% of people	Urban population% of people	Births per womanbirths	Renewable share of energy% of energy	Access to electricity% of people	Infant mortalityper 1,000 births	CO2 emissions per persont/year	Forest area% of land	GDP per capitaUS$	GDP per capita, PPPintl $
1990	0.432	55.4	—	—	5.74	80.6	—	73	0.2	43.6	—	—
1991	0.438	55.7	—	36.5	5.63	82.9	—	71	0.2	43.1	—	—
1992	0.444	56.1	—	37.4	5.52	81.0	—	70	0.2	42.7	—	—
1993	0.450	56.3	—	38.2	5.41	81.3	31	69	0.2	42.2	—	—
1994	0.453	56.2	—	39.1	5.25	80.6	30	68	0.2	41.7	—	—
1995	0.459	56.7	0.0	40.0	5.11	79.8	32	68	0.2	41.3	—	—
1996	0.465	57.0	0.0	40.8	4.96	78.8	35	67	0.3	40.8	—	—
1997	0.469	57.2	0.0	41.6	4.88	78.3	37	67	0.3	40.3	—	—
1998	0.475	57.5	0.0	42.5	4.83	73.6	43	65	0.3	39.8	—	—
1999	0.480	57.8	0.1	43.2	4.82	72.8	41	64	0.4	39.4	—	—
2000	0.487	58.1	0.1	43.9	4.83	71.6	44	62	0.3	38.9	—	—
2001	0.486	58.4	0.2	44.6	4.77	69.3	45	60	0.3	38.5	—	—
2002	0.493	58.7	0.8	45.4	4.69	65.7	47	58	0.4	38.1	—	—
2003	0.495	59.0	1.2	46.0	4.60	64.5	48	56	0.3	37.7	—	—
2004	0.503	59.3	1.7	46.8	4.50	62.4	51	55	0.3	37.3	—	—
2005	0.515	59.6	1.8	47.5	4.50	61.4	41	53	0.3	36.9	—	—
2006	0.524	60.0	2.7	48.1	4.40	58.6	55	52	0.4	36.5	906	3103
2007	0.534	60.3	3.9	48.8	4.29	54.5	57	51	0.4	36.1	1050	3241
2008	0.546	60.6	4.3	49.5	4.22	57.3	61	49	0.4	35.7	1183	3516
2009	0.551	60.9	5.4	50.1	4.18	51.9	61	48	0.4	35.3	1048	3617
2010	0.558	61.3	7.8	50.7	4.18	51.9	64	46	0.4	34.9	1264	3855
2011	0.568	61.6	9.0	51.3	4.18	50.1	64	44	0.5	34.9	1507	4381
2012	0.575	62.0	10.6	51.9	4.15	46.5	57	42	0.5	34.8	1544	4934
2013	0.582	62.4	15.0	52.5	4.11	46.2	71	41	0.6	34.7	2295	5215
2014	0.580	62.8	19.0	53.1	4.03	47.7	78	39	0.5	34.7	1950	5517
2015	0.588	63.2	23.0	53.6	3.98	44.0	74	38	0.5	34.6	1723	5191
2016	0.590	63.5	28.0	54.2	3.87	45.2	79	37	0.6	34.8	1912	5011
2017	0.594	63.8	37.9	54.7	3.72	45.3	79	35	0.6	35.0	2012	5171
2018	0.600	64.1	43.0	55.2	3.65	42.1	80	34	0.6	35.0	2195	5536
2019	0.609	64.5	22.1	55.7	3.59	42.6	84	33	0.7	35.1	2187	6003
2020	0.614	64.3	62.5	56.2	3.54	40.0	85	32	0.7	35.1	2195	6047
2021	0.618	64.3	68.6	56.7	3.49	39.0	86	31	0.8	35.1	2445	6608
2022	0.625	65.3	69.9	57.3	3.43	—	85	29	0.7	35.2	2230	7207
2023	0.628	65.5	70.7	57.8	3.40	—	90	28	0.7	35.2	2384	7563
2024	—	65.7	72.2	58.4	3.34	—	92	28	0.7	—	2419	8051
2025	—	—	—	58.9	—	—	—	—	—	—	3257	8610
On the profile	0.628	65.7	72.2	58.9	3.34	39.0	—	—	0.7	35.2	3257	8610

Sources: HDI: UNDP HDR 2025; Life expectancy at birth: World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN; Internet users: World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS; Urban population: World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS; Births per woman: World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN; Renewable share of energy: World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS; Access to electricity: World Bank EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS; Infant mortality: World Bank SP.DYN.IMRT.IN; CO2 emissions per person: World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5; Forest area: World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS; GDP per capita: World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD; GDP per capita, PPP: World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD. Profile snapshot from the site dataset regenerated 2026-10-04. Observed years only.

A dotted value moved sharply against the previous observed value in its series, which is the usual signature of a series break or a source revision; it is a prompt to check, not a judgement. The last row, On the profile, is the figure the country profile shows today, set under its series so the two can be checked against each other. ≠ marks a difference of more than 2%: none on this page.

← Ghana profile Facts file (markdown)What changed in twenty years Methodology