Kenya, year by year

Every index this site holds for Kenya, in time order: 12 series across 1990–2025, each value as its source published it. The profile shows the latest snapshot; this is the record behind it.

HDI since 1990

Human development rose from 0.485 in 1990 to 0.628 in 2023.

UNDP Human Development Report, 2025 edition. 34 annual values, none interpolated.

Twenty years here

The world report

Life expectancy at birth: 63.8 years2024at birthUp 5.3 years from 58.5 years in 2005
Internet users: 35%2024of people onlineUp 31 points from 4% in 2006
Urban population: 32%2025of people in towns and citiesUp 3 points from 29% in 2006
Births per woman: 3.172024births per womanDown 1.63 from 4.80 in 2005
Renewable share of energy: 68%2021of energy usedDown 13 points from 80% in 2004
Access to electricity: 77%2024of people with electricityUp 53 points from 25% in 2005
Infant mortality: 342024deaths before age one, per 1,000 birthsDown 15 from 50 in 2005
CO2 emissions per person: 0.4 t2024of CO2 per person a yearUp 0.1 t from 0.3 t in 2005
Forest area: 6%2023of land under forestDown 1 point from 7% in 2004

World Bank, from the first to the last observed year of each indicator; each has its own window.

All indexes, 1990–2025

36 years · 12 series · 2 values marked for checking

Year	HDI0–1	Life expectancy at birthyears	Internet users% of people	Urban population% of people	Births per womanbirths	Renewable share of energy% of energy	Access to electricity% of people	Infant mortalityper 1,000 births	CO2 emissions per persont/year	Forest area% of land	GDP per capitaUS$	GDP per capita, PPPintl $
1990	0.485	58.3	—	—	6.14	76.5	—	68	0.3	6.8	—	—
1991	0.485	57.8	—	18.3	5.94	77.8	—	69	0.3	6.8	—	—
1992	0.484	57.1	—	18.4	5.74	78.4	—	70	0.3	6.8	—	—
1993	0.483	56.7	—	18.4	5.57	79.1	11	71	0.3	6.8	—	—
1994	0.484	56.1	—	18.5	5.44	79.3	3	71	0.2	6.8	—	—
1995	0.488	55.9	0.0	18.6	5.37	78.2	5	71	0.3	6.9	—	—
1996	0.491	55.6	0.0	18.7	5.31	77.2	7	70	0.3	6.9	—	—
1997	0.493	55.5	0.0	18.8	5.27	78.1	9	69	0.3	6.9	—	—
1998	0.496	55.6	0.1	18.9	5.24	77.9	15	68	0.3	6.9	—	—
1999	0.499	55.9	0.1	19.0	5.18	77.7	13	66	0.3	6.9	—	—
2000	0.500	56.1	0.3	19.5	5.14	76.8	15	64	0.3	7.0	—	—
2001	0.505	56.5	0.6	20.4	5.09	78.3	17	61	0.3	6.9	—	—
2002	0.504	56.8	1.2	21.9	5.03	78.8	19	58	0.3	6.8	—	—
2003	0.515	57.4	2.9	23.6	4.94	81.6	16	56	0.2	6.8	—	—
2004	0.526	58.0	3.0	25.4	4.86	80.3	23	53	0.2	6.7	—	—
2005	0.532	58.5	3.1	27.3	4.80	79.2	25	50	0.3	6.7	—	—
2006	0.541	59.1	3.6	29.0	4.75	77.6	26	47	0.3	6.6	700	2330
2007	0.548	59.4	4.4	30.4	4.72	78.2	28	45	0.3	6.5	840	2481
2008	0.553	60.0	5.2	31.4	4.66	78.2	30	43	0.3	6.5	916	2459
2009	0.553	60.5	6.1	31.9	4.57	75.6	23	42	0.3	6.4	1048	2480
2010	0.552	60.9	7.2	31.9	4.45	74.0	19	42	0.3	6.3	1092	2635
2011	0.560	61.3	8.8	31.9	4.28	74.7	36	41	0.3	6.3	1096	2750
2012	0.565	61.5	10.5	31.9	4.12	76.2	38	41	0.3	6.3	1285	2847
2013	0.570	61.7	13.0	31.8	3.96	74.3	40	41	0.3	6.3	1371	3106
2014	0.576	62.0	16.5	31.8	3.84	71.8	36	40	0.3	6.2	1483	3359
2015	0.583	62.3	16.6	31.7	3.77	69.2	42	39	0.4	6.2	1489	3678
2016	0.594	62.5	16.6	31.6	3.69	68.3	53	38	0.4	6.2	1554	3917
2017	0.599	62.7	17.8	31.5	3.61	68.1	56	38	0.4	6.2	1667	4177
2018	0.605	62.8	19.5	31.4	3.54	68.7	61	38	0.4	6.3	1836	4412
2019	0.611	62.9	22.7	31.2	3.43	68.1	70	37	0.4	6.2	1960	4687
2020	0.600	61.6	24.7	31.2	3.36	69.0	72	37	0.4	6.2	1928	4793
2021	0.608	61.2	27.0	31.3	3.31	67.7	77	36	0.4	6.2	2061	5339
2022	0.626	63.5	29.4	31.4	3.26	—	76	36	0.4	6.2	2110	5882
2023	0.628	63.6	32.1	31.6	3.21	—	76	35	0.4	6.2	1943	6322
2024	—	63.8	35.0	31.9	3.17	—	77	34	0.4	—	2133	6650
2025	—	—	—	32.2	—	—	—	—	—	—	2363	7016
On the profile	0.628	63.8	35.0	32.2	3.17	67.7	—	—	0.4	6.2	2363	7016

Sources: HDI: UNDP HDR 2025; Life expectancy at birth: World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN; Internet users: World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS; Urban population: World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS; Births per woman: World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN; Renewable share of energy: World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS; Access to electricity: World Bank EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS; Infant mortality: World Bank SP.DYN.IMRT.IN; CO2 emissions per person: World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5; Forest area: World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS; GDP per capita: World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD; GDP per capita, PPP: World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD. Profile snapshot from the site dataset regenerated 2026-10-04. Observed years only.

A dotted value moved sharply against the previous observed value in its series, which is the usual signature of a series break or a source revision; it is a prompt to check, not a judgement. The last row, On the profile, is the figure the country profile shows today, set under its series so the two can be checked against each other. ≠ marks a difference of more than 2%: none on this page.

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