GeoRealityMatch
Stunning aerial view of Jakarta's skyline with modern skyscrapers and cloudy sky.From below of illuminated Selamat Datang Monument located in downtown of Jakarta near modern buildings at night

Indonesia

Asia · South-Eastern Asia

High safetyVery affordable cost of livingHigh development

Incomes are low.

Digital NomadOffers a digital nomad visa.BackpackerCombines very affordable cost of living and high safety.
vs Philippinesvs Thailandvs Vietnam
Safety

68th most peaceful of 161

Global Peace Index
1.918lower is more peacefulHigh safety
#68 of 161
IEP GPI · 2026
Homicides
0.3per 100,000 people a yearVery lowUNODC / World Bank · 2022
Safety index
53.6Numbeo's safety index, higher is saferModerateNumbeo · 2026
Money

Incomes below the median country

GNI per person
$5,120national income per person, US dollarsLow
World Bank · 2025
Rent index
9.1New York = 100AffordableNumbeo · 2026
Property price to income
25.0years of median income to buy a median flatVery expensiveNumbeo · 2026

Income and inflation over time

Income per person rose 225% in current dollars from 2006 to 2025, and rose 103% after inflation.

GDP per person, current US$At purchasing power parityInflation

$0$10K$20K$17,660 PPP$5,060Inflation, % a year15%0200620102015202020252006, $1,558 a person, $6,583 at PPP, inflation 13.1%2007, $1,823 a person, $7,096 at PPP, inflation 6.4%2008, $2,125 a person, $7,569 at PPP, inflation 10.2%2009, $2,218 a person, $7,868 at PPP, inflation 4.4%2010, $3,066 a person, $8,353 at PPP, inflation 5.1%2011, $3,579 a person, $8,937 at PPP, inflation 5.4%2012, $3,632 a person, $9,530 at PPP, inflation 4.3%2013, $3,567 a person, $9,866 at PPP, inflation 6.4%2014, $3,441 a person, $10,065 at PPP, inflation 6.4%2015, $3,288 a person, $10,028 at PPP, inflation 6.4%2016, $3,521 a person, $10,263 at PPP, inflation 3.5%2017, $3,799 a person, $10,688 at PPP, inflation 3.8%2018, $3,861 a person, $11,372 at PPP, inflation 3.2%2019, $4,107 a person, $11,986 at PPP, inflation 3%2020, $3,854 a person, $11,729 at PPP, inflation 1.9%2021, $4,287 a person, $12,757 at PPP, inflation 1.6%2022, $4,731 a person, $14,283 at PPP, inflation 4.2%2023, $4,876 a person, $15,428 at PPP, inflation 3.7%2024, $4,925 a person, $16,472 at PPP, inflation 2.2%2025, $5,060 a person, $17,660 at PPP, inflation 1.9%$0$10K$20KInflation, % a year15%0200620102015202020252006, $1,558 a person, $6,583 at PPP, inflation 13.1%2007, $1,823 a person, $7,096 at PPP, inflation 6.4%2008, $2,125 a person, $7,569 at PPP, inflation 10.2%2009, $2,218 a person, $7,868 at PPP, inflation 4.4%2010, $3,066 a person, $8,353 at PPP, inflation 5.1%2011, $3,579 a person, $8,937 at PPP, inflation 5.4%2012, $3,632 a person, $9,530 at PPP, inflation 4.3%2013, $3,567 a person, $9,866 at PPP, inflation 6.4%2014, $3,441 a person, $10,065 at PPP, inflation 6.4%2015, $3,288 a person, $10,028 at PPP, inflation 6.4%2016, $3,521 a person, $10,263 at PPP, inflation 3.5%2017, $3,799 a person, $10,688 at PPP, inflation 3.8%2018, $3,861 a person, $11,372 at PPP, inflation 3.2%2019, $4,107 a person, $11,986 at PPP, inflation 3%2020, $3,854 a person, $11,729 at PPP, inflation 1.9%2021, $4,287 a person, $12,757 at PPP, inflation 1.6%2022, $4,731 a person, $14,283 at PPP, inflation 4.2%2023, $4,876 a person, $15,428 at PPP, inflation 3.7%2024, $4,925 a person, $16,472 at PPP, inflation 2.2%2025, $5,060 a person, $17,660 at PPP, inflation 1.9%

World Bank: GDP per person in current US dollars and at PPP, real GDP per person, consumer price inflation. Observed years only.

Health

Below-average life expectancy

Life expectancy
71.3years, at birthModerate
#125 of 195
World Bank · 2024
Health coverage
67WHO universal health coverage index, 0 to 100LowWHO · 2023
Air pollution
17.4PM2.5, micrograms per cubic metre, national averageModerateWHO · 2023
Work and internet

Moderate home internet speeds

Unemployment rate
3.2%share of the labour force without a jobWorld Bank · 2025
Home internet
45 Mbpsmedian download speedModerateOokla Speedtest · 2025
English proficiency
471EF English Proficiency Index scoreLowEF EPI · 2025

Internet speeds

Home internet45 MbpsModerate
Mobile59 MbpsSlow

Ookla Speedtest Global Index, median download speed, ranked among the countries Ookla lists.

Visas and moving

Digital nomad visaEasy

Minimum income
$5,000 a month
Duration
12 months
Renewable
Yes
Application fee
Rp2,700,000about $150
  • DependantsNot allowed
  • NationalitiesOpen to all
Official page
From below of illuminated Selamat Datang Monument located in downtown of Jakarta near modern buildings at night
How it changed

Indonesia's Human Development Index

0.728High human development

113th of 193 in UNDP's 2023 ranking, 28th of 43 in Asia.

UNDP builds the index from three dimensions: a long and healthy life, being knowledgeable, and a decent standard of living. They are measured by life expectancy at birth, mean and expected years of schooling, and gross national income per capita. UNDP Human Development Report 2025.

Nearest countries by HDI

  1. #111Botswana0.731
  2. #111Fiji0.731
  3. #113Indonesia0.728
  4. #114Suriname0.722
  5. #115Belize0.721
Full HDI ranking, all 193 countries

HDI since 1990

Year by year

Human development rose from 0.531 in 1990 to 0.728 in 2023.

0.500.630.750.72819902000201020231990: 0.5311991: 0.5381992: 0.5451993: 0.5551994: 0.5651995: 0.5751996: 0.5851997: 0.5951998: 0.5911999: 0.5952000: 0.6002001: 0.6082002: 0.6172003: 0.6252004: 0.6242005: 0.6382006: 0.6462007: 0.6492008: 0.6532009: 0.6632010: 0.6702011: 0.6782012: 0.6862013: 0.6902014: 0.6932015: 0.7012016: 0.7052017: 0.7122018: 0.7152019: 0.7142020: 0.7102021: 0.7072022: 0.7262023: 0.7280.500.630.7519902000201020231990: 0.5311991: 0.5381992: 0.5451993: 0.5551994: 0.5651995: 0.5751996: 0.5851997: 0.5951998: 0.5911999: 0.5952000: 0.6002001: 0.6082002: 0.6172003: 0.6252004: 0.6242005: 0.6382006: 0.6462007: 0.6492008: 0.6532009: 0.6632010: 0.6702011: 0.6782012: 0.6862013: 0.6902014: 0.6932015: 0.7012016: 0.7052017: 0.7122018: 0.7152019: 0.7142020: 0.7102021: 0.7072022: 0.7262023: 0.728

UNDP Human Development Report, 2025 edition. 34 annual values, none interpolated.

Twenty years here

Year by yearThe world report
Life expectancy at birth
71.3 years2024at birthUp 3.8 years from 67.5 years in 2005
Internet users
73%2024of people onlineUp 68 points from 5% in 2006
Urban population
59%2025of people in towns and citiesUp 12 points from 47% in 2006
Births per woman
2.122024births per womanDown 0.33 from 2.45 in 2005
Renewable share of energy
20%2021of energy usedDown 21 points from 42% in 2004
Access to electricity
100%2024of people with electricityUp 15 points from 85% in 2005
Infant mortality
152024deaths before age one, per 1,000 birthsDown 18 from 33 in 2005
CO2 emissions per person
2.9 t2024of CO2 per person a yearUp 1.3 t from 1.6 t in 2005
Forest area
48%2023of land under forestDown 6 points from 54% in 2004

World Bank, from the first to the last observed year of each indicator; each has its own window.

Our take

Bali is the world's top digital nomad hub; a vast archipelago with a new nomad visa. The case against is low incomes, patchy access to essential health services and little English among locals.

About Indonesia

Indonesia is the world's largest archipelago, a chain of over 17,000 islands stretching across three time zones, where Balinese Hindu culture, Javanese court traditions, Sumatran rainforests, and the Komodo dragons of the eastern islands create a diversity that rewards years of exploration. The people are warm and welcoming across almost every island, and the food, particularly in Sumatra and Java, is outstanding. Those who limit themselves to Bali alone will miss most of the story.

Practical facts

  • CapitalJakarta
  • LanguagesIndonesian
  • CurrencyIndonesian rupiah (IDR)
  • Area1,892,556 km²
  • Plug typeType C/F
  • Drives on theleft
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Borders

Timor-LesteMalaysiaPapua New Guinea

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Quick answers

What is Indonesia's Human Development Index?

Indonesia's Human Development Index is 0.728 for 2023 (UNDP Human Development Report 2025), ranked #113 of 193 by UNDP.

Is Indonesia safe?

Indonesia scores 1.92 on the Global Peace Index (lower is more peaceful), ranked #68 of 161 countries by the Institute for Economics & Peace. That measures national-level peace, not street crime; both are covered below.

How expensive is Indonesia?

Numbeo's cost-of-living index puts Indonesia at 26.1 (New York = 100); that is #12 cheapest of 143 countries with data.

What is life expectancy in Indonesia?

Life expectancy at birth in Indonesia is 71.3 yrs (World Bank), ranked #125 of 195 countries.

What is the quality of life in Indonesia?

Numbeo's quality-of-life index scores Indonesia at 91.1, ranked #80 of 87 countries with data. It composites purchasing power, safety, healthcare, cost of living, commute and pollution from resident surveys, so it reflects what residents report rather than what an economy produces.